Treat anxiety disorders with Atarax (Hydroxyzine)

Atarax (Hydroxyzine) is an antihistamine drug that is sometimes used to treat generalized anxiety or panic disorders. Taking Atarax (Hydroxyzine) for anxiety is generally very effective in the short-term, but it is not a good long-term solution due to its high incidence of side effects, especially sedation. Hydroxyzine is more effective when taken on a regular schedule, but may also be taken as needed.

Like other antihistamines, Atarax (Hydroxyzine) works by slowing the body's central nervous system, which in turn reduces fight-or-flight responses like rapid heart rate, halts the onset of a panic attack, and relieves general anxiety. It tends to take effect very quickly and wears off within six to eight hours. Hydroxyzine is generally prescribed at doses of 25 to 100 milligrams up to four times a day, but many patients prefer to take it only as needed. Patients should not take this medication at a higher dose or more often than was recommended by a healthcare professional. They also should not stop taking it without first consulting the professional who prescribed it.

Taking Atarax (Hydroxyzine) has advantages over other sedative treatments, such as Alprazolam, for some patients. Unlike Alprazolam, Atarax (Hydroxyzine) is not habit-forming, and very few patients build up a tolerance to it. The effects, however, are not as strong as those of some other medicines.

As with other anti-histamine drugs, taking Atarax may cause one to be dizzy and sleepy even after several hours from intake. Some people may also get blurry vision and so many doctors advise that those taking this drug must not drive a vehicle or handle machines that require alertness and full attention. This drug can also have adverse interactions with other drugs and so it is best to fully discuss with doctors what other drugs one is taking and/or what other medical concerns are being experienced or treated.

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Why Antidepressants Take So Long To Work?

A common treatment for clinical depression is a type of medication called an antidepressant. Antidepressants come in a variety of forms, but all of them work by impacting certain neurochemicals in your brain, such as serotonin and norepinephrine. Antidepressants are most commonly prescribed by a psychiatrist, but may also be prescribed by a family physician or general practitioner to treat depression.

Antidepressants do not work immediately for many individuals hoping to get relief from their depression symptoms. In fact, the general consensus is that they take 4 to 6 weeks to kick in and for the antidepressant effect to take place. This basically means that most people should not get any relief from their depression until about a month into treatment.

Below are some factors that may influence the ability of an antidepressant to work immediately.

Reasons why antidepressants take so long to start working / kicking in

1. Low dose – Taking a low dose of an antidepressant may be part of the reason that it hasn’t kicked in yet. Many times it is actually a good idea to start low and work your way up via a process called titrating. So if you are in the early stages of titrating your medication upwards, the reason that it’s taking longer for you to feel the effects is due to the strength (usually in milligrams) of the dosage that you are taking.

2. Out of shape – If you are a bigger individual, out of shape, or bigger, any drug is usually going to take longer to kick in. This is simply because you have more mass and more overall body for the drug to be distributed. Additionally, the fact that you are out of shape may result in you having a slower baseline metabolism in comparison to someone who is in good shape and works out. Therefore the drug may not be cycling through your body at as quick of a rate for you to feel the effects.

3. Other drugs – If you do other drugs, you may not be able to feel the effects of the antidepressant medication compared to people that are pure (i.e. not doing anything else). Other drugs can affect brain chemistry as well as other bodily functions and change your natural homeostatic state of functioning. If you don’t do other drugs, the likelihood is greater that you will feel an antidepressant sooner than someone who gets a buzz from other substances.

4. Alcohol – Drinking alcohol is a personal preference and many people do it to socialize. At the same time, many individuals don’t realize that it does affect mental performance and cognition. It can increase irritability and slow mental performance in certain situations even far after the alcohol has been consumed.

5. Chemistry – How your body reacts to the drug has a lot to do with your chemistry. One antidepressant may work well for your friend, but not for you. Additionally, something that works within the first week for one person may take another 3 weeks. A lot of this has to do with how your body responds to the medication.

Treat Symptoms of ADHD with Tomoxetin (Atomoxetine) 25 Mg

Tomoxetin (Atomoxetine) is the first non-stimulant drug approved for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Atomoxetine is classified as a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, and is approved for use in children, adolescents, and adults. However, its efficacy has not been studied in children under six years old. Its advantage over stimulants for the treatment of ADHD is that it has less abuse potential than stimulants, is not scheduled as a controlled substance and has proven in clinical trials to offer 24 hour coverage of symptoms associated with ADHD in adults and children.

Tomoxetin effectively treats symptoms of adult ADHD and can help:

- Focus your attention

- Listen more easily to what others are saying

- Be less forgetful in daily activities

- Concentrate and be less distracted

- Better organize tasks and activities

- Start and finish projects

Tomoxetin works differently from the other ADHD medicines available. The advantage of Tomoxetin over stimulants for the treatment of ADHD is that it has less abuse potential than stimulants, is not scheduled as a controlled substance and has proven in clinical trials to offer 24 hour coverage of symptoms associated with ADHD in adults and children.

Common side effects

Decreased appetite, Irritability, Increased blood pressure, Itching of skin, Mood swings, Indigestion, Nausea, Depression and depressed mood, Abdominal pain, Vomiting, Insomnia, Red and itchy skin, Decreased weight, Tics, Constipation, Loss of appetite, Dizziness, Sleepiness, Anxiety, Rash, Mydriasis, Agitation, Headache, Increased heart rate.

Contraindications

Contraindications include:

- Hypersensitivity to atomoxetine or any of the excipients in the product

- Symptomatic cardiovascular disease including: moderate to severe hypertension, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, ventricular flutter, advanced arteriosclerosis.

- Severe cardiovascular disorders

- Concomitant treatment with monoamine oxidase inhibitors

- Narrow angle glaucoma

Men and Depression

Depression is an illness that affects both men and women. But people working in mental health services see far fewer men with depression. It seems likely men suffer from depression just as often as women, but they are less likely to ask for help. Male depression is treatable and best treated as early as possible. 

Signs and symptoms of depression in men

Depression has a number of signs and symptoms. Men are each affected in different ways, but three of the most common signs are pain, risk taking, and anger.

Pain. 

Depression may show up as physical signs like constant headaches, stomach problems, or pain that doesn’t seem to be from other causes or that doesn’t respond to normal treatments.

Risk Taking. 

Sometimes depressed men will start taking risks like dangerous sports, compulsive gambling, reckless driving, and casual sex.

Anger. 

Anger can show itself in different ways like road rage, having a short temper, being easily upset by criticism, and even violence. 

Here are some other common signs, especially if they last for a few weeks or months: feeling guilty, worthless, or that you always fail; feeling restless and/or irritable; having no energy; problems sleeping (not sleeping or sleeping too much); feeling angry or violent; feeling like you can’t work or get things done; using alcohol or drugs to feel better; sexual inability; losing interest in hobbies, work, and/or sex; having problems focusing, remembering, or making choices; always feeling sad or nervous; feeling alone; being negative about everything; thinking about death or suicide.

Treatments for depression

There are effective treatments for depression. In fact, more than 80% of men respond to treatment for depression. Your primary care doctor or a psychiatrist can create a treatment plan for you. That plan for treating depression may include:

- Antidepressants. The medicines most often used for depression treatment today are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). These antidepressants increase the levels of specific chemicals in the brain.

- Talk therapy. Many kinds of psychotherapy or talk therapy are effective in treating depression. Cognitive therapy, also called cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), and "insight-oriented psychotherapy" are frequently used.

What Effects Does Diazepam Have on the Body?

Generic Valium 10mg is an anti anxiety drug that comes under the benzodiazepines group of medications. This medication is used to calm people suffering from severe anxiety or insomnia, relax people preparing for a surgical procedure and control muscle spasms due to seizures or intoxication. The effects diazepam has on the body are manifold and a basic understanding of these effects can help you and your doctor decide if this medication is appropriate for you.

Calming Effects

Valium is often prescribed to calm people who are experiencing severe anxiety or agitation. The drug works by increasing the effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid GABA - a neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA is a substance that calms the nervous system. By enhancing the effects of GABA, diazepam can be used to ease the sense of anxiety you may be experiencing.

Insomnia

Oral forms of Valium are also used for short-term treatment of severe anxiety associated with insomnia. Valium decreases the time taken to fall asleep and wakings during the night, as well as increasing the total amount of time spent sleeping. However, it is only suitable for short-term treatment of insomnia and anxiety as it has a high potential for dependence and addiction. As diazepam remains active in the body for many hours, drowsiness may also last into the next day.

Muscle Relaxation

Valium can be used to control muscle convulsions that have been caused by seizure conditions, poisoning, and tetanus. These situations all increase the amount of electrical stimulation being sent to the brain. Valium allows the neurotransmitter GABA to take a greater effect in reducing brain stimulation. This lessens the muscle contraction, allowing your brain and body to relax. 

Anti-Seizure Effect

Valium can have anti-seizure properties because of its effects on the brain. Valium is beneficial in preventing seizures because it regulates a neurotransmitter chemical that can slow down brain activity and reduce the likelihood of a patient having a seizure. Therefore, a patient who was prescribed Valium for seizure prevention must adhere to his doctor's recommendation when taking this medication. 

Sedation

Valium is also given for its sedating and anxiety-relieving effects as a pre-med before surgery or medical investigations and procedures, and to alcoholics during acute alcohol withdrawal.

Valium has been listed as one of the most important drugs in the modern age, based upon its effectiveness and use in medical situations and surgeries. Psychiatrists and physicians alike both use and recommend Valium to their patients.  However, it is very important that physicians take the time to communicate with their patients about their possible dependency on the drug.  If a doctor believes that a patient may be developing an addiction to Valium, they may recommend a different medication, change the dosage, or try a new treatment all together. 

Effectiveness of Cipralex Entact (Escitalopram) in the Treatment of Major Depressive and Anxiety Disorders

How does this medication work? What will it do for me?

Cipralex Entact Escitalopram 10 mg belongs to the group of medications called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). It is used to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). It works by increasing levels of a neurotransmitter called serotonin in the brain. Increased serotonin levels can lead to an improved mood.

The medication usually begins to work within 2 to 4 weeks. However, it may take several weeks of treatment before the full effects are seen.

Do not give this medication to anyone else, even if they have the same symptoms as you do. It can be harmful for people to take this medication if their doctor has not prescribed it.

How should I use this medication?

The usual dose of Escitalopram is 10 mg/day for depression and 10-20 mg/day for anxiety, preferably at the same time each day. The dose may need to be decreased in the elderly and in people with liver problems. Escitalopram is taken once a day and can be taken either in the morning or evening, with or without food. The tablet should be swallowed whole (not chewed) with a glass of water.

It is important to take this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. If you miss a dose, skip the missed dose and continue on with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If you are not sure what to do after missing a dose, contact your doctor or pharmacist for advice.

Who should not take this medication?

Do not take this medication if you:

- are allergic to escitalopram, citalopram, or any ingredients of the medication

- have a condition known as congenital long QT syndrome or have a heart rhythm disturbance called QT prolongation

- are taking the medication pimozide

- have taken a MAO inhibitor medication (e.g., phenelzine, tranylcypromine, moclobemide) in the past 2 weeks – MAO inhibitors should not be taken until at least 2 weeks after stopping treatment with escitalopram

What are the possible side effects of Cipralex?

Many medications can cause side effects. The most common side effects of Escitalopram are dry mouth, nausea, sleep difficulties, sweating, fatigue and sexual problems.

Less frequently experienced side effects of Cipralex Entact (Escitalopram) 20 mg include: headache, dizziness, irritability and lethargy; vivid dreams; difficulty concentrating; chest pain, high blood pressure or erratic heart rhythm; diarrhea, constipation, increased or decreased appetite, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract; runny nose, sinus problems and cough; agitation, hallucinations.

How can this medicine affect other medicines?

It is important to tell your doctor or pharmacist what medicines you are already taking, including those bought without a prescription and herbal medicines, before you start treatment with this medicine. Similarly, check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking any new medicines while taking this one, to ensure that the combination is safe.

Since caffeine, alcohol, the nicotine from cigarettes, or street drugs can affect the action of many medications, you should let your prescriber know if you use them.

Depression in Women

Women experience depression twice as often as men. The diagnostic criteria for depression are the same for both sexes, but women with depression more frequently experience guilt, anxiety, increased appetite and sleep, weight gain and comorbid eating disorders. 

Causes of depression in women

Women are about twice as likely as men to suffer from depression. Many factors may contribute to the onset of depression, including genetic characteristics, changes in hormone levels, certain medical illnesses, stress, grief, or substance abuse. Any of these factors alone or in combination can bring about the specific changes in brain chemistry that lead to the many symptoms of depression, bipolar disorder and related conditions.

Signs and symptoms of depression in women

The symptoms of depression in women are the same as those for major depression. Common complaints include:

- Persistent sad, anxious, or "empty" mood

- Loss of interest or pleasure in activities, including sex

- Restlessness, irritability, or excessive crying

- Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, helplessness, hopelessness, pessimism

- Sleeping too much or too little, early-morning awakening

- Appetite and/or weight loss or overeating and weight gain

- Decreased energy, fatigue, feeling "slowed down"

- Thoughts of death or suicide, or suicide attempts

- Difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions

- Persistent physical symptoms that do not respond to treatment, such as headaches, digestive disorders, and chronic pain

Treating depression in women

In general, the severe depressive illnesses, particularly those that are recurrent, will require antidepressant medications (or ECT in severe cases) along with psychotherapy for the best outcome. Patience is required because the treatment of depression takes time. Sometimes, the doctor will need to try a variety of antidepressants before finding the medication or combination of medications that is most effective for the patient. Sometimes, the dosage must be increased to be effective.